ResMed's EasyBreathe -- What a Difference

General Discussion on any topic relating to CPAP and/or Sleep Apnea.
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Uncle_Bob
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Re: ResMed's EasyBreathe -- What a Difference

Post by Uncle_Bob » Tue Sep 08, 2009 3:39 pm

SleepyT wrote:i'm with ya there, jeff. mine is not an APAP...but I love, love my machine...for all the reasons you say....and apparently it is one of the quietest (if not THE quietest) machine out there.
According to the specs its 6db quieter than my first machine the F&P SleepStyle 608. But both myself and the wife agree that the F&P was quieter than both my S8 Elite II's, its the whooshing or wheezing sound of the air or motor that bothers us.

jnk
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Re: ResMed's EasyBreathe -- What a Difference

Post by jnk » Tue Sep 08, 2009 5:54 pm

dsm wrote:The change in pressure is delivered as a sharkfin waveform. EPR is a further pressure adjustment delivered by the machine. Jeff, my question to you is, by how much do you think a cpap drops pressure when the user breathes out against the machine flow & how is that in its own way different from changing pressure like EPR does ?
My understanding is that Easy-Breathe was developed to smooth the waveform of bilevel (and, yeah, yada-yada about quieter motor technology and stuff). Then I thought they moved the technology over to machines with EPR to smooth THAT waveform, since EPR acts so much like bilevel. (Well, not quite, but kinda.) So my question is, How do you smooth a "waveform" of a straight CPAP pressure? Does adding Easy-Breathe to a machine somehow make that machine incapable of delivering straight CPAP pressure, even when EPR is turned off? If so, clinicians need to know, seems to me.

I don't really have a point other than the point that I'm confused. If Easy-Breathe is a technology meant for smoothing out jagged waveforms, I'm just trying to figure out where the waveform comes from in non-EPR CPAP. I have read about bilevel with Easy-Breathe and I've read about EPR with Easy-Breathe, but I have yet to read about a straight-pressure waveless waveform being smoothed out in a CPAP's straight (read: unvarying) pressure. So, I still don't get it. Sorry.

Does anyone have a picture of what the "waveform" might look like with Easy-Breathe but NO EPR?

What's really sad is that even this pdf didn't help me understand it:

http://www.sleepdt.com/_journal/v3n5/pdf/SDT-18.pdf

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dsm
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Re: ResMed's EasyBreathe -- What a Difference

Post by dsm » Tue Sep 08, 2009 9:27 pm

JNK

I hadnt seen that link before but it is pretty much as I understand it. I note you appear to be saying the easy breathe was developed to smooth bilevel pressures but that isnt my understanding.

I read them as saying that easy breathe is a development of their new two stage blower & that using this blower plus a wave shaping algorithm that controls the motor, they achieve these things

1) greater motor efficiency because they have a fan at each end of the motor shaft thus harnessing all the rotational power to move more air (motor torque was never an issue with the modern dc brushless motors). The critical factor here was that this new motor blower had a LOW COST TO PRODUCE

2) much quieter fan operation because the dual impeller design delivers more air at a slower motor speed (they quote 75% speed needed compared to earlier design). When they say 2 stage, they mean that air goes into the top fan & that pressurized air is then fed into the other fan & then the air delivered to the user . A very efficient use of the motor. Also they use an 'airbag' to contain the motor/blower & this bag inflates as the machine runs. The air used to inflate it is sucked into the top fan, pumped into the air bag & is then directed into the lower fan thus being double pressurized before exiting to be sent to the air hose.

3) And they keep making the point about the control of the blower motor to produce a sharkfin waveform that mimics normal breathing (I would add that I believe they needed the new LOW COST dual-impeller motor/blower in order to be able to create the sharkfin waveform)

I see Easybreath as being about LOW COST, very low motor/blower noise, high motor/blower efficiency and a motor control that allows the machine to produce a shaped waveform that better mimics human breathing. I believe that is what they keep trying to say.

The transition from epap to ipap is called risetime & they mention that adjusting risetime is how many manufacturers attempt to offer some smoothing (relief) from the effects of transitioning from epap to ipap - Resmed had risetime adjustment in their Vpap III. BUT adjusting risetime speed generally still delivers a waveform that does not mimic natural breathing. Most risetimes in other bilevels are a linear rise (vs the sharkfin shaped rise) but the risetime slope could be adjusted - typically from 100millisecs to 600millisecs, but it was still linear, just at a different angle. The easybreathe motor/blower can be controlled to create a sharkfin shaped rise. That older linearity of the risetime has always been an issue with bilevels until the expensive SV machines came to market. As an interim measure Resmed tried to add easy, medium and soft to shape risetime speed in their Vpap IIIs but the easybreathe motor/blower suceeds whereas the prior attempts were just that, attempts.

The easybreathe design allows the motor/blower to provide a curved rise in pressure and a curved decrease in pressure to be it applied as the user breathes in & out on a cpap or as the machine adjusts pressures as with EPR & BiLevel.

So a possible area of confusion may be in thinking that a modern cpap (not auto & not epr & not bilevel) only delivers a fixed pressure. The modern cpaps all vary the motor speed as the user breathes in and out because if they didnt, the pressure at the cpap air exit would go way over the current CMs setting when the user breathes out. This is because the pressure of the user breathing out against the pressure being delivered by the machine would add together (minus that pressure lost through the mask vent holes) and the combined pressure would rise markedly way over the selected pressure setting. Old cpaps did work that way. They did pump out a constant pressure & the user just had to learn to breathe harder against the air still being forced in . At high pressures the masks would start to leak & the users disliked the effort. Think about it, on an old cpap set at 12 CMs, when I breathed out I had to exceed 12 CMs of pressure from my lungs to overcome the pressure from the machine. The amount I went over 12 CMs added to the 12 CMs being delivered & put an added strain on the mask & seals. Plus I sure knew I was battling the cpap machine.

The old cpaps initially gave no relief in making breathing out easier until Respironics added c-flex & that sure helped, then manufacturers added pressure transducers to cpaps (they were always present in Autos & Bilevels). They used the pressure transducer to sample the pressure at the exit air port and the machines were able to control the blower motors to maintain a constant pressure at the air exit port which took some of the burden away from the user trying to breathe against a constant flow in. But, the adjustments of the motors was rough & changing the speed introduced whine in those middle period blowers (early to middle 2000s). BUT, One group of machines didn't have this whine problem (the pre M series Respironics Bipaps) as they used an air valve to change airflow while the motor spun always at a constant speed. The airvalve either directed air to the user or back into the blower. It was a great technology but cost a lot of money to build. The bipap motor/blowers were noisy but it was a constant 'white' noise & thus easy to get used to. Variable speed motors/blowers were prone to whine until Resmed invented the dual-fan, dual-stage motor blower. Puritan Bennett were one of the few manufacturers who early on (2001) managed to produce very quite motor/blowers but as time passed they lowered the quality to match competitive costs & the later machines developed a bad reputation for unreliability & noisy motor/blowers.

The modern cpap using a pressure transducer at the air exit port, detects the user breathing out by sensing the rapidly rising back pressure & these cpaps slow the blower to maintain a constant CMs at the air exit port. BUT, as the user ends their breathing out, the pressure starts to drop & the cpap speeds the motor up to maintain the CMs it was set to delivers. Without the easybreath blower design & the algorithm that controls the speed, the waveform tends to be squared off even if this risetime is slowed or increased. The easybreath blower is controlled such that it can deliver a sharkfin pressure wave shape to the user each time they go from breathing in to breathing out.

In the modern cpaps (not auto or EPR or bilevel) the pressure at the cpap air exit nozzel looks constant (as sensed by the pressure transducer) but the actual air flow swings between the user breathing out against the machine airflow and the cpap pumping air out agaist the users breathing out. As I said earlier, get any modern cpap & set it to say 12 CMs & then run it & blow into the hose, the motor speed gets lowered by the machine such that the pressure at the air exit port remains close to the CMs it is set for. This happens every breath & the machine that can resume the airflow in a pressure pattern that matches the way the user is breathing, is going to deliver a much better breathing experience - Resmed call it easybreathe.

I have to say though that I am not 100% certain as to why other vendors haven't tried manipulating the output waveform but am willing to bet that it is to do with the whine the older style motors would create if they tried to do it. The Resmed S7 family were known to whine. It was least in the Elite, noticable in the Spirit (auto) & could be unberable in the Vpap III models. The M series have a motor whine. Some PB machines had a bit of a whine to them. The easybreathe motor is so quite that even as it speeds up & down while shaping the breathing waveform, you can't hear it.

Easybreathe is a technology based on the motor/blower & motor control - EPR is a pressure management algorithm - EPR works better with an easybreathe motor/blower & motor contol.

DSM


In summary ....

Easybreathe is based on a motor/blower design that is quiet & efficient & inexpensive and allows the machine to control the motor to deliver a smoothness that best mimics the way people breathe !. Easybreathe can be applied to cpaps, autos & bilevels.
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dsm
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Re: ResMed's EasyBreathe -- What a Difference

Post by dsm » Wed Sep 09, 2009 6:31 pm

A few more comments.


1. Jeff I trust you do agree that a modern straight cpap varies its motor speed in order to maintain a constant pressure at the air exit port and that a user breathing in and out against that pressure is going to cause a speed up and a slowdown of the air flow through the air exit port. The changing of the motor speed causes more or less air to flow. That flow has a waveform. The waveform can either match the users breathing or can be arbitrary in that it increases speed in a linear fashion to maintain the delivered CMs pressure.

2.
The machine that pioneered easybreathe is the Vpap Adapt SV. But, the Respironics Bipap Auto SV also can deliver smoothed waveforms to users. It can match the Vpap Adapt SV waveforms because it uses the older (but very expensive) fixed speed motor / air flow control valve. It is unlikely Respironics will try to release a Bipap Auto SV type machine using their M series motor/blower. They need to reduce its whine & hum characteristics a lot more (& they will in time).

A lot of what we are seeing in the technology advances of xpaps is to do with bringing an effective machine to market at the lowest mfg costs allowing that the employed algorithms tend to be comparable.

Cheers

DSM
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Re: ResMed's EasyBreathe -- What a Difference

Post by Slinky » Wed Sep 09, 2009 6:55 pm

I have the Resmed VPAP Auto (bi-level) w/the new EasyBreathe technology. I have COPD. And I can tell you that the EasyBreathe technology in AUTO MODE is WONDERFUL! - BUT - for at least 14 of us w/the VPAP Auto or the VPAP Auto 25 the EasyBreathe technology is NOT working in Spontaneous (straight bi-level) mode. Whether we have "defective" devices which don't work as intended in Spontaneous mode or whatever there is NOT a smooth transition between IPAP and EPAP in Spontaneous mode. Adjustments have been made in Rise Time, Ti Maximum and Ti Minimum settings, all to no avail. I love my Resmeds - but - there is DEFINITELY a problem w/the EasyBreathe technology in at least 14 VPAP Autos and VPAP Auto 25s in Spontaneous mode. If it wasn't that my VPAP Auto is so comfortble in Auto mode I'd raise ole Billy Heck and insist on it being replaced.

If you want QUIET, whilst my VPAP Auto is the most quiet xPAP I've used, I can hear it if I listen for it, barely. BUT - I sat w/in 2 ft of the new Respironics PR System One Auto at our last support group meeting. The Rep had it turned on at 15 cms and I am here to tell you there was NO SOUND. I put my ear right up w/in 6 inches of it several different times over the 1/2 hour he had it running. There was NO SOUND. There was no way you could tell it was turned on. When I expressed cynicism that it really was turned on and running he pulled the cap off the hose output and I held my hand over it. It WAS running!

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Re: ResMed's EasyBreathe -- What a Difference

Post by dsm » Wed Sep 09, 2009 7:20 pm

Slinky wrote:I have the Resmed VPAP Auto (bi-level) w/the new EasyBreathe technology. I have COPD. And I can tell you that the EasyBreathe technology in AUTO MODE is WONDERFUL! - BUT - for at least 14 of us w/the VPAP Auto or the VPAP Auto 25 the EasyBreathe technology is NOT working in Spontaneous (straight bi-level) mode. Whether we have "defective" devices which don't work as intended in Spontaneous mode or whatever there is NOT a smooth transition between IPAP and EPAP in Spontaneous mode. Adjustments have been made in Rise Time, Ti Maximum and Ti Minimum settings, all to no avail. I love my Resmeds - but - there is DEFINITELY a problem w/the EasyBreathe technology in at least 14 VPAP Autos and VPAP Auto 25s in Spontaneous mode. If it wasn't that my VPAP Auto is so comfortble in Auto mode I'd raise ole Billy Heck and insist on it being replaced.

If you want QUIET, whilst my VPAP Auto is the most quiet xPAP I've used, I can hear it if I listen for it, barely. BUT - I sat w/in 2 ft of the new Respironics PR System One Auto at our last support group meeting. The Rep had it turned on at 15 cms and I am here to tell you there was NO SOUND. I put my ear right up w/in 6 inches of it several different times over the 1/2 hour he had it running. There was NO SOUND. There was no way you could tell it was turned on. When I expressed cynicism that it really was turned on and running he pulled the cap off the hose output and I held my hand over it. It WAS running!

Slinky

Interesting info. I haven`t tried an easybreathe machine other that the vpap adapt SV.

RE the new Respironics blowers, it does then seem that they too have the noise problem licked. I would trust your feedback on it more than most - maybe we will see a Bipap AutoSV that uses this new post M series motor/blower.

From your points, it appears the issue of epap to ipap transitions still appears to be a problem then, It would be helpful to hear from Resmed re why that transition in S mode) still causes discomfort.

Cheers

DSM
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Re: ResMed's EasyBreathe -- What a Difference

Post by Slinky » Wed Sep 09, 2009 7:54 pm

Interestingly, the Resmed Rep and my local DME's RRT spent quite some time w/a VPAP Auto in the office, experienced that abrupt transition in Spontaneous mode and couldn't get rid of it.

Meanwhile, whilst I was at Mayo Clinici in MN w/my neighbor I stopped by Mayo's CPAP Shop and their RRT/RPSGT spent quite some time w/me and my VPAP Auto and we couldn't get rid of that abrupt transition in Spontaneous mode either.

I've even tried adjusting the Ti Max and Ti Min up and down the spectrum w/similar results - no easing of that abrupt transition in Spontaneous mode.

And my "pros" after giving up on the Rise Time, Ti Max and Ti Min adjustments suggested that I set my VPAP Auto to Exhalation Slow and Cycle Low. No change, no help.

And w/COPD Exhalation Slow confuses me anyway. I have FASTER respiration NOT slower respiration than the average bear - or at least the average bear who doesn't have COPD.

I did e-mail Resmed about this quite some time ago. No response from them at all. This is the first and ONLY time Resmed has NOT responded to an e-mail I've sent them. Except that my local Resmed Rep has tried to help. I spoke to him at a couple of our support group meetings. Perhaps Resmed "encouraged" him to try to help. I don't know. All I know is that he did try and I appreciate it.

All that has come of it is that I am more and more convinced that Resmed probably DOES have a problem either w/only SOME units ... OR ........

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Re: ResMed's EasyBreathe -- What a Difference

Post by twokatmew » Wed Sep 09, 2009 7:58 pm

Sounds like I should try my loaner VPAP Auto 25 in spontaneous mode before I return it next week....

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Re: ResMed's EasyBreathe -- What a Difference

Post by Slinky » Wed Sep 09, 2009 8:30 pm

Please do and let us know your results!

My IPAP setting is 12, EPAP is 7, and Pressure Support is 5. With the PS set the difference between IPAP and EPAP in Auto mode, the VPAP Auto is essentially running as a straight bi-level. i.e. 12 - 7 = 5 and it is COMFORTABLE, smooth easy pressure transitions.

BUT - put it in Spontaneous mode at the same settings??? For 14 of us ..... uh uh. Abrupt pressure transitions. They can feel like an extra "puff" of pressure at the end of IPAP, start of EPAP or actually almost "bounce" your mask on your face, etc.

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Re: ResMed's EasyBreathe -- What a Difference

Post by -SWS » Wed Sep 09, 2009 10:00 pm

And we'll be right back after this brief message from our sponsors...

Image

Welcome back! What is Easy-Breathe Technology (in a nutshell from Rooster's post):
... new software, a quiet motor and improved EPR for maximum comfort and a quiet night’s sleep.
http://www.resmed.com/us/assets/documen ... er_eng.pdf


carbonman wrote:it is not disturbing my sleep as much.
Consequently, I am sleeping deeper and longer at a time.
Infact, I am having shoulder/back problems from lying in one position too long.
Also, as you point out, it is much more comfortable to breath with.

My day to day average AHI, before divide by 2, is also starting to come close to
what my average AHI was on my Mseries. I think I need to continue to play w/my min
pressure and I may be able to bring my "displayed" AHI down to if not lower than
what I had w/the Mseries.

Whatever the reason: contrived, imagined or by alien abduction,
I am sleeping better and absolutely feeling better since
I started using this machine.
Whatever the reason, please don't let it stop.
That makes it oh-so-tempting to try!

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Re: ResMed's EasyBreathe -- What a Difference

Post by dsm » Thu Sep 10, 2009 2:45 am

-SWS wrote:And we'll be right back after this brief message from our sponsors...

Image

Welcome back! What is Easy-Breathe Technology (in a nutshell from Rooster's post):
... new software, a quiet motor and improved EPR for maximum comfort and a quiet night’s sleep.
http://www.resmed.com/us/assets/documen ... er_eng.pdf


carbonman wrote:it is not disturbing my sleep as much.
Consequently, I am sleeping deeper and longer at a time.
Infact, I am having shoulder/back problems from lying in one position too long.
Also, as you point out, it is much more comfortable to breath with.

My day to day average AHI, before divide by 2, is also starting to come close to
what my average AHI was on my Mseries. I think I need to continue to play w/my min
pressure and I may be able to bring my "displayed" AHI down to if not lower than
what I had w/the Mseries.

Whatever the reason: contrived, imagined or by alien abduction,
I am sleeping better and absolutely feeling better since
I started using this machine.
Whatever the reason, please don't let it stop.
That makes it oh-so-tempting to try!


SWS

It is easy to see the two sides of the argument which really boils down into "is EPR part of EasyBreathe or is it not" - I see it as easy to argue both sides and use Resmed's own docs to support both positions

I'll take the position that EasyBreathe is technology that does not require EPR for it to work. Restated, EPR benefits from EasyBreathe but EasyBreathe does not require EPR.

Now how about a word from your sponsor

DSM
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-SWS
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Re: ResMed's EasyBreathe -- What a Difference

Post by -SWS » Thu Sep 10, 2009 6:29 am

Hey, that works for me as a perfectly valid opinion, Doug.

But me thinks I'll stick with the crazy notion that "improved EPR" probably makes it... Easier to Breathe.

So that whole business (about improved EPR making it easy to breathe) leaves me with the impression that the new EPR is one of three interoperable design enhancements comprising Resmed's EasyBreathe technology.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

dsm wrote:Now how about a word from your sponsor
Consider it done!

And now here's that word from our REAL sponsor:

Image
(click to play commercial)

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Re: ResMed's EasyBreathe -- What a Difference

Post by jnk » Thu Sep 10, 2009 7:12 am

I think the ResMeds apparently needed, badly, an improvement in their pressure relief. I found the transition abrupt in my VPAP III, and Slinky finds the transition abrupt in Spontaneous mode in her VPAP Auto (which I assume has no Easy-Breathe in that mode), and I believe many experienced users, such as rested gal, have expressed that they prefer the feel of the transitions in Respironics' version of expiration relief. If Easy-Breathe improves some of those issues, great!

Does anyone think that the future may bring a machine that perfectly matches up pressure to a patient's individual flow pattern of breathing? Now that would be real comfort, I assume! And maybe it will come from a company that can give the big two a run for their, uh, money.

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Re: ResMed's EasyBreathe -- What a Difference

Post by -SWS » Thu Sep 10, 2009 7:17 am

jnk wrote: Does anyone think that the future may bring a machine that perfectly matches up pressure to a patient's individual flow pattern of breathing?
Absolutely!

I don't see how an xPAP designer could NOT dream or envision that ideal. Achieving that has to be a tall order I would think...

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Re: ResMed's EasyBreathe -- What a Difference

Post by jnk » Thu Sep 10, 2009 7:41 am

. . . or does anyone know of some diaphragm exercises I could do to train myself to breathe in a perfect shark-fin waveform to match my Easy-Breathe?